This tutorial explains how to configure RIP Routing protocol step by step in detail. RIP is the simplest and one of the oldest Distance Vector routing protocol. Learn how to enable and configure RIP routing in Cisco router with practical example in packet tracer.

It teaches basic operations of the tool with multiple hands-on activities helping you to visualize a network using everyday examples, including Internet of Things. At the beginning, as a network engineer I have remember that I was searching for Packet Tracer with “packet tracer download cisco”, “packet tracer dowload free”, “cisco packet tracer download free” or “cisco packet tracer download cisco”, etc. I am sure that you did this alsoJ But downloading Packet Tracer is not difficult.

To explain RIP Routing, I will use packet tracer network simulator software. You can use any network simulator software or can use a real Cisco switch to follow this guide. There is no difference in output as long as your selected software contains the commands explained in this tutorial.

Create a practice lab as shown in following figure or download this pre-created practice lab and load in packet tracer

If require, you can download the latest as well as earlier version of Packet Tracer from here. Download Packet Tracer

Initial IP configuration

Assign IP address to PCs

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Double click PC0 and click Desktop menu item and click IP Configuration. Assign IP address 10.0.0.2/8 to PC0.

Repeat same process for PC1 and assign IP address 20.0.0.2/8.

Assign IP address to interfaces of routers

Double click Router0 and click CLI and press Enter key to access the command prompt of Router0.

Three interfaces FastEthernet0/0, Serial0/0/0 and Serial0/0/1 of Router0 are used in this topology. By default interfaces on router are remain administratively down during the start up.

We need to configure IP address and other parameters on interfaces before we could actually use them for routing. Interface mode is used to assign IP address and other parameters. Interface mode can be accessed from global configuration mode. Following commands are used to access the global configuration mode.

From global configuration mode we can enter in interface mode. From there we can configure the interface. Following commands will assign IP address on FastEthernet0/0.

interface fastEthernet 0/0 command is used to enter in interface mode.

ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 command will assign IP address to interface.

no shutdown command will bring the interface up.

exit command is used to return in global configuration mode.

Serial interface needs two additional parameters clock rate and bandwidth. Every serial cable has two ends DTE and DCE. These parameters are always configured at DCE end.

We can use show controllers interface command from privilege mode to check the cable’s end.

Fourth line of output confirms that DCE end of serial cable is attached. If you see DTE here instead of DCE skip these parameters.

Now we have necessary information let’s assign IP address to serial interface.

Router#configure terminal Command is used to enter in global configuration mode.

Router(config)#interface serial 0/0/0 Command is used to enter in interface mode.

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.249 255.255.255.252 Command assigns IP address to interface. For serial link we usually use IP address from /30 subnet.

Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000 And Router(config-if)#bandwidth 64 In real life environment these parameters control the data flow between serial links and need to be set at service providers end. In lab environment we need not to worry about these values. We can use these values.

Router(config-if)#no shutdown Command brings interface up.

Router(config-if)#exit Command is used to return in global configuration mode.

We will use same commands to assign IP addresses on interfaces of remaining routers. We need to provided clock rate and bandwidth only on DCE side of serial interface. Following command will assign IP addresses on interface of Router1.

Router1

Use same commands to assign IP addresses on interfaces of Router2.

Router2

Great job we have finished our half journey.To be on same page we have uploaded our practice topology with IP configuration. You can download it form here.

Now routers have information about the networks that they have on their own interfaces. Routers will not exchange this information between them on their own. We need to implement RIP routing protocol that will insist them to share this information.

Configure RIP routing protocol

Configuration of RIP protocol is much easier than you think. It requires only two steps to configure the RIP routing.

• Enable RIP routing protocol from global configuration mode.
• Tell RIP routing protocol which networks you want to advertise.

Let’s configure it in Router0

Router0

router rip command tell router to enable the RIP routing protocol.

network command allows us to specify the networks which we want to advertise. We only need to specify the networks which are directly connected with the router.

That’s all we need to configure the RIP. Follow same steps on remaining routers.

Router1

Router2

That’s it. Our network is ready to take the advantage of RIP routing. To verify the setup we will use ping command. ping command is used to test the connectivity between two devices.

Access the command prompt of PC1 and use ping command to test the connectivity from PC0.

Good going we have successfully implemented RIP routing in our network. For cross check we have uploaded a configured topology on our server. You can download and use that if not getting same output.

RIP protocol automatically manage all routes for us. If one route goes down, it automatically switches to another available. To explain this process more clearly we have added one more route in our network.

Currently there are two routes between PC0 and PC1.

Route 1

PC0 [Source / destination – 10.0.0.2] <> Router0 [FastEthernet0/1 – 10.0.0.1] <> Router0 [Serial0/0/1 – 192.168.1.254] <> Router2 [Serial 0/0/1 – 192.168.1.253] <> Router2 [FastEthernet0/0 – 20.0.0.1] <> PC1 [Destination /source – 20.0.0.2]

Route 2

PC0 [Source / destination – 10.0.0.2] <> Router0 [FastEthernet0/1 – 10.0.0.1] <> Router0 [Serial0/0/0 – 192.168.1.249] <> Router1 [Serial 0/0/0 – 192.168.1.250] <> Router1 [Serial 0/0/1 – 192.168.1.246] <> Router2 [Serial 0/0/0 – 192.168.1.245] <> Router2 [FastEthernet0/0 – 20.0.0.1] <> PC1 [Destination /source – 20.0.0.2]

By default RIP will use the route that has low hops counts between source and destination. In our network route1 has low hops counts, so it will be selected. We can use tracert command to verify it.

Now suppose route1 is down. We can simulate this situation by removing the cable attached between Router0 [s0/0/1] and Router2 [s0/0/1].

Okay our primary route went down. What will be happen now?

So far we are running RIP routing protocol and have another route to destination, there is no need to worry. RIP will automatically reroute the traffic. Use tracert command again to see the magic of dynamic routing.

That’s all for this article. In next article we will explain another routing protocol with examples.

RIP Routing protocol configuration commands summary

NAT Basics Overview

NAT basics, also known as network address translation is an important part of the CCENT and CCNA certification exams. When NAT is implemented it allows a router to translate the source IPv4 address in the packet header as it crosses the router, changing the source address in the packet from one address to another. This allows the sending computer’s message to appear as if it is coming from another computer’s address. When you masquerade the origin of a computer’s IPv4 address on a network it is known as a NAT firewall.

Network address translation is a primary reason that IPv4 addressing has survived and is still in use today. The creation of NAT along with private IPv4 address ranges like 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255, 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255, and 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 has allowed for the conservation of publicly routable IPv4 addresses. One of the results of NAT’s ability translate public addresses at the router to private IPv4 addresses is that the advent of IPv6 addressing has essentially been delayed.

Configuring NAT

For the CCENT and the CCNA certifications you need to know how NAT works and how to configure it on a Cisco router. In the following Packet Tracer exercise and accompanying video tutorials, I demonstrate four different ways of configuring NAT.

• Static NAT translation
• Port forwarding static NAT translation
• NAT overload translation
• Dynamic NAT translation using a NAT Pool

Download

Download the Packet Tracer 6.3 activity here: NAT_practice_activity

NAT Basics Lab – Video Tutorials